The idea of an extended mind has itself extended far beyond philosophy, which is why Clark is now, in his early sixties, one of the most-cited philosophers alive.
Beyond philosophy, only Emerson may match his literary production.
This entails what Adorno describes as a "philosophy directed against philosophy" (Adorno 1955, 235) or what Howard Caygill calls a "philosophizing beyond philosophy" (Caygill 1989, 119).
They have also had an impact far beyond philosophy, for example in architectural theory (see e.g., Sharr 2007), literary criticism (see e.g., Ziarek 1989), theology (see e.g., Caputo 1993), psychotherapy (see e.g., Binswanger 1943/1964, Guignon 1993) and cognitive science (see e.g., Dreyfus 1992, 2008; Wheeler 2005; Kiverstein and Wheeler 2012).
All our information about him is second-hand and most of it vigorously disputed, but his trial and death at the hands of the Athenian democracy is nevertheless the founding myth of the academic discipline of philosophy, and his influence has been felt far beyond philosophy itself, and in every age.
Although it remains to be seen whether the 20th century will be "Deleuzean," as his friend Michel Foucault once quipped, Deleuze's influence reaches beyond philosophy; his work is approvingly cited by, and his concepts put to use by, researchers in architecture, urban studies, geography, film studies, musicology, anthropology, gender studies, literary studies and other fields.
In a post at the Oxford University Press blog, Simon Glendinning explains how Jacques Derrida went beyond the philosophy of history.
Mr. Canning acknowledges that his degree prepared him for little beyond teaching philosophy — with the possible exception of finding and killing bugs in software, because philosophers are trained to analyze and solve particularly hard logical problems.
Once again, the Giants' offense needs an infusion of confidence and boldness and the Giants' formula for winning must be expanded beyond the philosophy that defense is a cure-all.
It is a strange omission, but it would be a mistake to tamper with a merit system that, while imperfect, has produced a diverse bench on which women outnumber men, 4 to 3. Beyond legal philosophy, the pressing issue for Governor Paterson is which candidate is most likely to continue Judge Kaye's hard-won progress toward effective and responsive access to justice for all New Yorkers.
But one might wonder whether reference has implications for philosophical issues that go beyond the philosophy of language proper.
