Recent studies have shown that the diversity of arthropods in homes extends well beyond recognized pest species5,18.
The effects of DDT's use exemplifies how some insecticides can threaten wildlife beyond intended populations of pest insects.
Farmers have pest control alternatives beyond the organic-conventional divide.
And while the health aspects of the housing structure itself are one thing -- such as the construction materials, the ventilation, the mold prevention and pest control -- the inequities extend beyond the roof and four walls.
As pest plagues spread through Europe and beyond, the Russian city of Volgograd deployed helicopters to spray marshland with pesticides, after players were assaulted by mosquitoes and midges at the football World Cup.
The benefits of GM crops extend beyond the reduction in insecticides, because they are compatible with other pest management tactics, especially biological control.
Native to Asia, BMSB was first observed in Allentown, PA, USA, in 1996, and this pest is now well-established throughout the US mid-Atlantic region and beyond.
Beyond that, the pesticides that ward off wooly adelgid leave the trees susceptible to mites, in essence replacing one pest with another.
But the repercussions extend beyond just bird biodiversity, as birds play vital roles in ecosystem processes such as decomposition, pest control, pollination, and seed dispersal.
(To Isaac Mizrahi: "You pest! You pest!
