Esfandyari et al. [ 15] investigated the benefits of GS of purebreds for CP, based on purebred information under two conditions, i.e. a low or high correlation of linkage disequilibrium (LD) phase between the two pure lines.
Furthermore, if the correlation of LD phase between pure lines is high, accuracy of selection can be increased by combining the two pure lines into a single reference population to estimate marker effects.
Surprisingly, difference in genetic alteration frequencies between the pair of reciprocal F1 hybrids is much greater than that between the two pure-line subspecies.
(iv) Most strikingly, the difference in the expression of many of these genes between a pair of reciprocal F1 hybrids (N/9 vs. 9/N) and tetraploid (NN/99 vs. 99/NN) is also as great as that between the two pure-lines (Nipponbare vs. 93 11) in both calli and regenerants, mirroring the results of genetic alterations.
These six genotypes included two pure-lines (Nipponbare and 93 11, of two subspecies, japonica and indica, respectively), a pair of reciprocal F1 hybrids between the two lines (N/9 and 9/N), and a pair of reciprocal tetraploids resulting from the hybrids (NN/99 and 99/NN).
Oliver cynically contends that "all relationships, even between two pure novice nuns -- hey, especially between two pure novice nuns -- are about power".
Random Forest outperformed other methods in correctly classifying resistant and susceptible animals in the two pure swine lines evaluated.
For a low correlation of LD phase between the pure lines, the use of two separate reference populations yielded a higher gain in CP than use of a single reference population that combines both pure lines.
Any difference in QTL and SNP frequencies and in LD between the pure lines can result in the two alternate heterozygotes at a SNP having different probabilities for a heterozygous QTL in the crossbreds.
These objectives were investigated under two conditions, i.e. either a low or a high correlation of LD between the pure lines.
