Looking at the differences in sample size according to type of primary endpoint and funder we found that there is a larger difference in sample size between trials with a dichotomous endpoint compared to a continuous endpoint for publicly funded trials compared to industry funded trials.
The overall difference between trials comparing exenatide 10 μg twice daily and insulin glargine in FPG was 1.37 mmol/l [95% CI 1.01 to 1.73] (with a heterogeneity of I2 = 0%) in favour of glargine[ 29, 30, 32].
No significant changes in step length between trials or compared to LW were found.
In fact, the exceptional simulation scenarios seem to be clinically highly implausible ones; for example, models with very few (5) trials, very small (50 patients) trials, or very small between-trial outcome variance compared to the patient-level outcome variance.
Furthermore, by comparing activity between incongruent trials that followed incongruent trials (iI) and those that followed congruent trials (cI), they observed greater activation in the prefrontal cortex during iI trials as compared to cI trials.
In an exploratory analysis, we looked at the univariate activation associated with dissimilar switches between specific categories compared to no-switch trials, in the three DMN sub-networks, for example, from a semantic task to a lexical task, compared with repetition of the lexical task.
We attribute the difference between Trials 5, 6, and 7 as compared to Trial 8 to the data processing method used for the latter trial.
With multiple outcomes of interest, the economic evaluation took the form of a cost-consequences analysis where the difference in costs experienced between the two trial arms is compared to the difference in all outcomes included in outcome evaluation.
The hybrid algorithm performs best among the algorithms: kriging variance is on average about 4% better than for GA and variability between trials is less than 30% compared to SA.
Moreover, several randomized controlled trials compared survival between home and hospital care [ 19- 21], but none of them showed a significant difference between care types.
