"Billy Elliot" is fascinating because it situates itself precisely on the cultural fault line between the two traits.
But the estimated genetic correlation between the two traits was one — that is, perfect — or at least as close to perfect as you can get.
Outside of the MHC, a number of reports have suggested distinct variants or differences in effect sizes and allele frequencies between the two traits at a number of loci including IL23R, TRAF3IP2, FBXL19 and REL12,13,14,15.
The two QTL, near UNH879 for cold tolerance, and near UNH130 for body size, were estimated to be 22 cM distant from each other, with no interaction found between the two traits.
Nevertheless, the association between the two traits was probably affected by common environmental factors.
Stiffness, used for grading logs, is positively correlated with growth strain with a correlation of 0.61, an unfavourable correlation requiring a trade-off between the two traits.
There were 10 clusters involving at least two QTLs, among which three clusters on chromosome 7, 8 and 12 simultaneously responsible for FLW and PY, which coincided with significant correlations between the two traits.
The lack of dependence between the two traits was also found by Forister [26] and Magalhaes et al. [27].
Curiously, a greater degree of overlap (r = 0.6) is observed between Me7 ic, and BSE ip (p<0.05) than exists between the two traits involving Me7.
However, it is likely that the non-shared variance (∼40%) between the two traits is largely genetic and driving the two different QTLs.
Since hypocotyls were measured in seedlings, while flowering time was determined in adult plants, the comparison between the two traits has the potential to provide information about light responsiveness at different developmental stages.
