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Exact(4)
We identified 15 candidate effectors of C. lentis mined from the biotrophy-necrotrophy switch-specific cDNA library developed previously with the objective to identify effectors that may be involved in the virulence of C. lentis on its host lentil, and may differentiate between the two pathogenic races described in the western Canadian population of this pathogen.
A significant difference between the two pathogenic types lies in the nature of the involvement of Tir during pedestal formation.
The overall similar transcriptional responses between the two pathogenic and the probiotic strain suggest that the pathogenic potential of a certain E. faecalis strain may to a great extent be determined by presence of fitness and virulence factors, rather than the level of expression of such traits.
Comparison with the two Illumina-sequenced isolates revealed that 1120 988%) of the secreted proteins are shared between all isolates, 12 proteins are shared only between the two pathogenic isolates, eight are found only in the reference race 1 isolate, BFP-ToxAC, and six are shared between the reference genome and that of the nonpathogen.
Similar(56)
Of the 38 novel sRNAs, 20 displayed high sequence conservation between B. thailandensis and the two pathogenic strains, B. pseudomallei and B. mallei.
We discovered that the dimerization behavior between wild-type TPI and the two pathogenic variants Cys41Tyr and Glu104Asp is strongly altered compared to the dimerization behavior between wild-type proteins.
These results indicate that the two pathogenic types can be differentiated at a molecular level and that PG genes are alternatively useful for distinguishing between the two types.
We also tested the hypothesis that ethnicity might modify the relationship between obesity and the three pathogenic pathways in an Asian population.
The "core" genes of V. parahaemolyticus were also compared to those of V. cholerae and V. vulnificus, in order to delineate differences between these three pathogenic species.
Two-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed significant (P ≤ 0.001) differences between the times of sampling (48, 72, 96 and 168 hpi) in the observed means for the fungal tef1 α DNA quantity and between the two treatments (non-pathogenic and pathogenic inoculated samples), and their interactions (Additional file 1: Table S1).
In this study we have successfully used the publicly available genome sequence resources available for Campylobacter to study the distribution of CRISPR-Cas in this important foodborne pathogen, and show a striking difference in CRISPR-Cas distribution between the two major human pathogenic species C. jejuni and C. coli, and within C. coli a marked difference between agricultural isolates.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com