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A comparison of the measured lifetimes of perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) and sulfonated aromatic hydrocarbon membranes under accelerated test conditions reveals the inherent differences between the two membrane chemistries.
However, the increase in the compression rigidity that we measure is only twofold; this indicates that cholesterol increases coupling between the two membrane leaflets.
This dissipative dynamics causes opposite but advantageous effects over different membrane motions: It allows the membrane to rearrange quickly in the lateral dimension, and to simultaneously dissipate out-of-plane stresses through friction between the two membrane leaflets.
If this "snorkelling" effect is strong and able to induce a lipid rearrangement between the two membrane leaflets, the peptides allow positive curvature on the membrane (fig 8B).
Particle and particle orientations that can fit well between the two membrane ruffles will exhibit stronger binding due to higher number of contact points with the macrophage.
In opposition to ATP-dependent flippases, ATP-independent phospholipid scramblases (PLSases) facilitate the equilibration of phospholipid distribution between the two membrane leaflets.
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The outer permeable membrane is used to hold a gel between the two membranes.
A special form of regional nerve block may be achieved by injecting a local anesthetic into the spinal canal, either into the space between the two membranes (the durae) that surround the cord (epidural anesthesia) or into the cerebrospinal fluid (spinal or intrathecal anesthesia).
Furthermore, a high electric field could be obtained between the two membranes even at a low applied potential because the distance between the two membranes is in microunits.
Since the PPy serves as a separator and an electrode, an electric field could be applied between the two membranes directly.
However, showing comparison between the two membranes, the difference was not significant at the time of all observations, although the bone volume level of the Bio-Gide® group was higher than that of the CNF/HAP group (Table 1, Fig. 1).
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