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There is obviously an interaction between the two fault regions.
On the other hand, the Hinagu fault zone is not clearly detected by these derivatives, especially in the case of the Takano-Shirahata segment, suggesting a difference of cumulative vertical displacement between the two fault zones.
Based on the 5-km rule of Matsuda (1990), HERP considers the KRFZ and the TFZ as independent fault zones, although it points out the possibility that erosion and sedimentation of a river have caused the geomorphologic features between the two fault zones to vanish.
The HD shows large absolute values not only along the Kushigata Range fault zone (KRFZ) and the Tsukioka fault zone (TFZ), which constitute the EBFZNP, but also along the area between the two fault zones where no surface fault traces are observed.
The thrust faulting of the main shock and the normal faulting of the largest aftershock indicate that the part of the Pacific plate between the two fault planes moved relatively further northwestward due to the two events than the deeper part beneath the fault plane of the largest aftershock.
Table 2 Values of model parameters for the 2011 Tohoku-Oki fault (alpha) 0.3 Coupling parameter between the two fault regions (gamma) 1.5 A measure of seismic efficiency (epsilon) 0.7 Ratio between dynamic and static frictions on the asperity (lambda) (10^5) A measure of intensity of velocity strengthening (xi) 1 Ratio between the areas of the two regions V (10^{-9}) Nondimensional plate velocity.
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Previous studies have shown that earthquake ruptures can jump across gaps like the 2-kilometer one between the two faults.
If the plateau sandwiched between the two faults (the Altyn Tagh and the Karakoram) were a rigid plate, it's been calculated, northward compression would be squeezing it between the faults like a watermelon seed between two fingers at a rate of 20 to 30 millimeters eastward per year.
We recognized ca. 10 cm of south-side-down vertical offset between the northern and southern sides of the two fault traces, between which a small depression developed.
The 500-m borehole, which was drilled with an inclination to the vertical of 29° from a site between the surface traces of the two faults, passed through the Nojima fault.
From the theoretical point of view, the difference between the stress states on the two faults can be assumed to be large enough to be evaluated in the case of a large relative stress drop occurring during the latest main shock, because the elapsed times since the latest large earthquakes on each fault are significantly different, as mentioned.
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