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Several spring bryophytes (e.g., Philonotis fontana) declined between the study years, whereas Sphagnum mosses (e.g., Sphagnum warnstorfii) increased in abundance.
To determine the differences between the study years, chi-square and t-test statistics were used, with p < 0.05 considered statistically significant (SPSS v. 16.0).
No significant changes in short-term quit ratios between the study years were observed among people from either low or high educational group (Table 5).
Since there can be differences in over-reporting of smoking cessation between the study years, age and educational groups, this could have influenced our results.
The likelihood of university hospital and long-term care use increased, while the use of health centres did not differ between the study years.
Significance (p < 0.05) in sub-analyses between the study years in all groups except for: a = no significant difference between the study 1980/81 and 1992/93 in sub-analyses.
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No significant association was found between the study year and outcomes shown by meta-regression analyses (Table 2).
To evaluate association between the study year and HbA1C levels, the interaction variable "HbA1C_year" was computed by multiplying HbA1c indicator (i.e., the binary, 0-or-1, variable that equals 1 if HbA1c is greater than the fixed at the particular year level of HbA1c) by the sequel year (starting with 0 as the year of entering into the study and going up with follow-up years).
The herd-level seroprevalence rates varied between months within the study years, showing a significant increasing trend within the year.
Response rates for the Women's Questionnaire were between 96% and 99% over the study years.
Comparisons of gray whale and walrus distributions from aerial sightings showed a large difference between the two study years relative to the more stable benthic prey base for these animals over that period.
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between the study areas
between the study factors
between the observation years
between the study drugs
between the study variables
between the study regions
between the study treatments
between the study designs
between the study groups
between the study phases
between the study populations
between the study arms
between the study sites
between the study participants
between the study cohorts
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