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However, it would be extremely difficult to determine the mutual information between the helpers and the repairing node if one takes into account the shared information among helper nodes.
Non-profit organizations helping children, disabled and addicts should share their success stories by organizing regular meetings between the helpers and ones who have been helped.
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(3) COOPFINAL: the packet type used between the helper and the final destination.
The second cost, namely relay cost, is the opportunity cost of expending computation or power consumption on behalf of a helper and forwarders along the path between the helper and the requester.
We refine the theory of helper data schemes with the zero leakage (ZL) property, i.e., the mutual information between the helper data and the extracted secret is zero.
A closer scrutiny further suggests that this performance disparity between the helper stations and source stations in a CoopMAC network is an artifact of our present implementation approach, and is expected to disappear once the access to firmware becomes available.
This fact is clearly seen in Figure 5, where for different numbers of helper users in the system, the work share between the helper users and the service provider is given by a percentage, omitting the users' participation, which is negligible compared to the helper users and the service provider.
Alma believes that gratitude is actually an exchange between the helper and the helpee.
Earlier studies on rodent helping did not detail the relationship between the helper and the recipient of help (Church 1959; Rice and Gainer 1962).
This is because improving the fitness of a kin member helps to propagate the shared genes between the helper and the helped – thus an indirect benefit is gained.
There is evidence of the natural occurrence of the recombination between the helper begomovirus genomes and their betasatellite molecules that supports this hypothesis [ 18, 66].
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