However, in terms of A to I editing of protein coding sequences, it is highly selective, and an imperfect fold back dsRNA structure is formed between the exon sequence surrounding the editing site(s) and a downstream intronic complementary sequence termed editing site complementary sequence.
Program 'fasta34' was used to pairwisely compare the exon sequences between two species [ 56].
Interactions between U5 and the exon sequence at the splice junction have also been demonstrated [ 121– 121].
We designed eight locus-specific oligo-primer (20 nt) pairs based on the nucleotide substitutions between exon sequences of the Pacific bluefin tuna (Fig. 3, underlined), using which fish species shown in Table 1 were subjected to PCR amplification under abovementioned condition.
For reference sequence, (4) d Ref HD = 2 ⋅ r R ⋅ t HD, (5) d Ref HR = 2 ⋅ r R ⋅ t HR, (6) d Ref MR = 2 ⋅ r R ⋅ t MR, where dRefHD, dRefHR, and dRefMR are the genetic distance of the reference exon sequences between human and dog, human and rat, mouse and rat.
These genes show an unusual pattern of evolution, with rapid divergence between second exon sequences that encode the mature peptides matched by relative stasis in the first exons that encode signal peptides [ 10].
Similarity between exon sequences and the scaffolds of the polar bear assembly was identified using Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), analyzing one exon at a time.
Introns, commonly found in eukaryotes between exon sequences in the DNA, are removed from RNA molecules through splicing during post-transcriptional RNA processing.
We therefore define a quality score K (h i ) for a hit h i ∈ H between two exon sequences: (3) K (h i ) = { 1 − min (1, E (h i ) ) } · | | r i β | | + | | r i γ | | | | x i β | | + | | x i γ | | , where x i χ is the exon the hit h i refers to on genome χ, | | · | | is the length of a given sequence or region and E (h i ) is the e-value of the hit.
