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In Figs. 7 and 8, we can see the comparison between the conventional cellular system and the proposed energy-efficient hybrid cellular system.
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Scenario 3 is exactly the same as the inter-BS handover in the conventional cellular systems.
The conventional cellular architecture considers co-located MIMO and single cell-processing techniques.
For the conventional cellular networks, dynamic switching off of BSs has been extensively studied in [11,16,21-26].
Unlike the conventional cellular system, data packets in multi-hop cellular system, in addition to being transmitted directly between a mobile station (MS) and the base station (BS), can also be indirectly transmitted hop by hop with the help of relay stations (RSs).
Hence, the structure of MCP enabled cellular networks can remain almost the same with the structure of the conventional cellular systems.
Moreover, it's also shown that the muilti-hop cellular system in this paper outperforms the conventional cellular system in terms of outage probability.
In other words, the multi-hop cellular system in this paper always outperforms the conventional cellular system in terms of outage probability.
The figure shows that the SINRs of system have significantly improved over the conventional cellular system without relay.
Compared with the conventional cellular communication, obviously, comparing to the traditional cellular communication, D2D communication can save the resources and improve the throughput greatly, due to the fact that only half of the resources are used [14].
We primarily intend to show that the conventional cellular phone can serve the proposed functions.
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