Sentence examples for between the active layer from inspiring English sources
We also found that the diversity decreased in the transitional layers between the active layer and permafrost, at ~50 cm depth.
The ZnO Al PSC shows better charge transfer properties between the active layer and the ITO and longer charge carrier lifetime.
Further, when we fabricated an inverted device, the PCE increased to 3.6% because of its small surface potential between the active layer and MoO3.
In addition, further improvement of device performance can be achieved by adding a hole transport layer (MoO3) between the active layer and the Au electrode.
For p-channel OPTs operating in the dark, some charge carriers (holes) will be trapped between the active layer and dielectric layer by the interface defects (Fig. 3a), and these trapped holes will increase the turn-on gate voltage required for transistors, shifting the threshold voltage towards a higher value.
The CPEs with heterocyclic rings having stronger dipole moments decrease the work function of ITO electrodes and the surface potential between the active layer and hole-transporting layer (HTL) effectively.
A thin electron extraction layer which usually locates in-between the active layer and the cathode film is neglected in the optical simulation.
Although the scratch closure has been demonstrated experimentally, not much is known about the relation between the expansion of the active layer and the degree of scratch closure.
The relationship between optical properties of the active layer and photocurrent is probably the most intuitive and easy parameter to explain.
We assume the device is annealed in order to decrease the series resistance and can thus adopt its relation from [16], which represents the linear relationship between the thickness of the active layer (T a ) and the series resistance (R s ) for the annealed device, as given by R s = 0.06 < T a + 3.1.
However, below the active layer, correlations between Actinobacterial orders and sample chemistry were marginal.
