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None of the scalp distributions differed reliably between task and source switches.
We will first briefly discuss the ERP effects associated with switch trials, and then turn to the comparison between task and source switching.
Follow-up analyses on the four frontal (36, 37, 49, 50) and four posterior (41, 42, 44, 45) sites also used for task switch effects confirmed the visual impression that there was a difference between task and source switches at posterior (F 1, 15) = 7.7, p = .014), but not frontal (F 1, 15) < 1), electrodes.
It should be noted that the distinction between task and source switching considered here differs from the distinction between intentional and attentional set switching proposed by Rushworth et al. (2002, 2005) or the similar distinction between rule switch and perceptual switch proposed by Ravizza and Carter (2008).
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Fig. 5 shows the voltage spline maps of the ERP differences between task and no switches, source and no switches, and source and task switches in the 70 130 and 360 900 ms intervals.
ANOVA was performed to analyze not only the task effects but also the interaction between tasks and periods (source and target).
This was true both when comparing the difference between task and no switches with that between source and no switches, and when comparing the former with the difference between source and task switches.
Thus, the data suggest that task and source switching share a neural basis.
Task and source switching were combined in a 2 × 2 factorial design.
In different blocks, volunteers either switched between (i) the two tasks, (ii) the two sources of information, or (iii) tasks and source of information.
Conscious of this limitation, we did not directly compare source and target periods but only looked at task effects and at interactions between tasks and periods.
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