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and STATA (Version 10, Stata Corp .. Differences in settings, sequence randomization, mefloquine treatment timing, and study procedures were included in the assessment of heterogeneity between studies using the Cochran Q test and the I2 test [27].
d P-value for test of heterogeneity between studies using the DerSimonian-Laird test.
This enabled a direct comparison between studies using the same scale, whatever the outcome measure.
Heterogeneity of the intervention effect was quantified between studies using the I statistic.
However, future analyses on ethnic differences between studies using the same methodology are needed.
For outcomes with data from three or more studies, we assessed the heterogeneity between studies using the I statistic.
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It furthermore provides a basis for comparison between other studies using the same methodology across emission sources, age and region.
We evaluated heterogeneity between the studies using the Q test [ 15] and the I-squared statistic (I² = 100% x (Q-df)/Q) [ 16].
25 Where necessary, we standardised laboratory values for endogenous TT levels between observational studies using the International System of Units (SI units), expressed in nanomoles per litre (nmol/L).
Standardised results were prepared for comparison between studies, using either the data reported in the original studies or raw data attained by contacting the corresponding author of the included studies.
We tested for evidence of heterogeneity between studies using both the X (p <0.1 indicating high inter-study heterogeneity) [ 18, 19] and I (0 % indicating no inter-study heterogeneity) [ 15, 19] tests.
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