Sentence examples for between sampling variance and from inspiring English sources
As emphasized earlier, regularized estimation entails a trade-off between sampling variance and bias.
Interest in regularized estimation for multivariate analyses and the trade-off between sampling variance and bias dates back to the 1970's and earlier, stimulated in particular by the work of Stein, e.g. [ 8, 9].
In addition to estimating confidence intervals, MetaWin also estimates total heterogeneity (between-sample variance) and tests its significance with the χ2 distribution using n-1 degrees of freedom.
Statistical significance tests were Welsh t-test, nonparametric ANOVA, (e.g., to select genes that have significantly less within sample variance compared to between sample variance), and correlation analysis with Pearson's product moment r and Spearman's r.
Therefore, a greater number of latent groups in a cohort will be bias upwards the estimated between sample variance and bias downwards the estimated within sample variance.
The deviations between the solutions found by the exact PCF and fast PCF on the MicMa set were small; in terms of reduction in variance (difference between sample variance and residual variance after fitting PCF curves) below 0.01%.
Usually this involves a trade-off between a reduction in sampling variance and additional bias.
However, since the variance component is not significantly different from 0, the plausibility value range reflects sampling variance and not differences between the clinics due to a real difference in quality.
Quantifying this aspect of data quality is challenging because simply calculating the between-sample variance (i.e. the average interiteration variability) leaves open the possibility that interindividual differences occur simply because one individual saccades more around the screen than does another (see the related discussion in Holmqvist et al., 2011, chap. 11).
The PSRF statistic compares the between sample variance to within sample variance and should be near 1.
However, Knight and Fu (2000) assume that on the nullspace of the limit term, the difference between the sample variance and the singular matrix converges in probability to a positive definite matrix when multiplied by an appropriate rate.
