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We also discuss preliminary evidence on the relationship between propensity to risky driving and stage of driver training and experience, which indicates that willingness to commit most violations diminishes with driving experience while attitudes and willingness to speed become riskier.
PSM should limit the maximum distance between propensity scores with 3.0% so that not all firms can be matched successfully (Lawrence et al. 2011).
Cox regression analysis was used to assess differences in 28-day in-hospital mortality between propensity score-matched patients with and without antithrombin treatment [24].
where P ^ X i is the estimated propensity score for individual i in the treated group, P ^ X j is the estimated propensity score for individual j in the comparison group, j indexes all the individuals in the comparison group, and w is a weighting function based on the distance between propensity scores for individual i and the individuals in the comparison group.
At country level we did not found the relationship between propensity to seek care and avoidable hospitalizations.
Researching the relationship between propensity to seek care and avoidable hospitalization on country level has some methodological considerations.
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While Send Me a Lullaby primarily dabbled in post-punk urgency, its successor, Before Hollywood, established the Go-Betweens' propensity for melding calm, intricate melodies with something more frantic.
In-ICU and hospital mortality were compared between propensity-matched ARDS patients having one or more common risk factor identified or not.
In order to retain enough power to detect differences in biomarker levels, we accepted standardized differences between propensity-matched groups for comorbidities and chronic medication up to 20%.
Comparison of outcomes between propensity-matched ARDS patients having one or more common risk factor identified or not during ICU stay showed no significant difference (Table 5; Fig. 2; Additional file 1: e-Figure 1 for assessing the quality of propensity score matching), except for a shorter duration of hospital stay in the latter group as compared to the former one.
Given the apparent connection between propensities and causation adumbrated in Section 3.5, powerful causal modeling techniques by authors such as Spirtes, Glymour and Scheines (1993) and Pearl (2000), and recent work on causation more generally (e.g., Hall 2003, Woodward 2003) should also prove fruitful here.
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