In order to examine relationships between nucleotide polymorphisms and functional domains in detail, several parameters were computed along the alignment of genomic regions using a sliding-window approach (fig. 4 A ). First, nucleotide diversity was found to correlate with the rate of microinsertions (μ-indel, size <50 bp), a trend previously reported for other species (Small et al. 2007a).
The objective of this study is to examine the genetic association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CHRNA4 gene (rs2273502, rs1044396, rs1044397, and rs3827020 loci) and ADHD.
To determine the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes associated with multiple asthma phenotypes and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).
In addition, an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human neuronatin gene locus and severe obesity has been demonstrated in both children and adults (39).
Recently a consistent association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the human Nnat gene and severe obesity in both children and adults has been demonstrated[ 10].
Furthermore, a positive correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the TNF-alpha gene and increased risk of incidence and rupture, has been identified [ 13, 14].
A genome-wide association study (GWAS), which assessed multiple ethnicities, reported an association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 8q24 region and colorectal cancer risk.
Linkage disequilibrium (R2) between single nucleotide polymorphisms in APO A5/A4/C3/A1 gene cluster on chromosome 11q23 in the African-Americans (top), European-Americans (middle) and Hispanics (bottom) in the Dallas Heart Study.
Interestingly, evidence from pain patients suggests that 5-HT2A receptor gene polymorphisms could influence individual differences in pain sensitivity (Bondy et al., 1999; Pata et al., 2004) and a recent study has demonstrated a link between single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 5-HT2A receptor gene and individual analgesic requirements for post-operative pain management (Aoki et al., 2010).
Most recently, these authors [ 33] examined the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms in cytokine and cytokine-related genes with amniotic fluid levels of IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 from term and preterm births amongst African-Americans and Caucasian-Americans.
