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Birds showed no preference between models with a pair of natural sized eyespots and those with a pair of smaller eyespots (N = 75; P = 0.6445).
Mann-Whitney pairwise comparisons were subsequently utilized to look for EDM differences between models with a specific number of projection edges.
This was done by examining the difference in fit between models with a constant APC over the five periods with a model with a different trend in the early periods and later periods.
We presented 77 birds with a choice between models with a pair of natural eyespots and ones with a pair of fan-like structures, hereafter referred to as fans, made from dividing the original eyespot into 3 sectors, hence occupying the same total area, yet losing their resemblance to eyes.
Kappa measures of agreement were also calculated, indicating 70 80% classification concordance between models, with a slight tendency for the linear and logistic models on the one hand, vs. CART models on the other, to agree more among themselves (75 80%) than with models of the other type (70%) (not shown otherwise).
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It uses ΔAIC to discriminate between models with an increasing number of parameters [ 4].
We tested between models with solely a linear effect or a quadratic effect of age using the deviance information criteria (DIC; Spiegelhalter et al. 2002; but with the effective number of parameters calculated as in Plummer 2012).
However, there was no significant difference between models with and without a gender covariate.
Tests for trend were based on the likelihood ratio test between models with and without a linear term for each food group.
The log-likelihood ratio (LRT) was calculated as double difference in logL between models with and without a QTL, i.e. LRT = -2 (logL 0-logL p).
In the third test (0 vs 5), 89 birds were presented with a choice between models with no eyespots and models with 5 eyespots per hindwing (with the total area being equal to that of the single eyespot).
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