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Using gene expression profiling of human gliomas, we have previously identified angiogenesis/response to hypoxia as one of the most discriminating features between malignancy grades of astrocytic glioma [6].
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Mann–Whitney test revealed significant differences in HIF-1α expression between particular malignancy grades of adenocarcinomas (G1 vs. G2 - P < 0.0001; G1 vs. G3 - P < 0.0001; G2 vs. G3 – P = 0.02).
Malignancy grade was not as strong a predictor of DFS as tumour stage, but differences between malignancy grades were statistically significant (two-sided P=0.046).
In co-variation analyses between malignancy grade and expression of the different markers in tumor, Ki67, CD68, M-CSF and TGF-beta showed statistical significance (data not shown).
Microscope examination allowed determination of the malignancy grade of the adenocarcinomas.
For comparison of YKL-40 staining level between the 3 histological malignancy grades, nonparametric analysis of variance for unpaired data (the Kruskal-Wallis test) and nonparametric testing for unpaired data (the Mann-Whitney U test) was used.
They cover a spectrum of malignancy grades ranging from low-grade melanocytomas to lesions of intermediate malignancy and overtly malignant melanomas.
Similarly, positive correlations were disclosed between tumour's malignancy grade and expression of Ki-67 proliferation antigen (r = 0.61; P < 0.0001), and between expressions of HIF-1α and Ki-67 (r = 0.43; P < 0.0005; Figure 3A).
As mitotic activity is one of the criteria determining the malignancy grade, expression of Ki67 is closely correlated to mitotic activity, hence also malignancy grade [ 45].
To define molecular similarities and differences between non-transformed CNS stem cells and glioma cells, we characterized SoxB1 gene expression both at the mRNA and protein level in human gliomas of different malignancy grades.
It is however unknown whether this alteration could be found in gliomas of lower malignancy grades.
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