Therefore, design of shear at the interface between concrete cast at different ages, according to Eurocode 2, could be improved, since here only the lowest strength concrete is considered.
The main objective of the interface elements is to obtain stress fields at interfaces between different materials, which is not possible with conventional solid finite elements.
Much of the rich behaviour of quantum Hall systems, topological insulators, and topological superconductors can be traced to the existence of robust bound states at interfaces between different topological phases.
In accordance with the unsteady-state finite-difference equations for heat transfer and heat convection in a cold-region railway tunnel, an unsteady-state finite-difference computer model was developed to study the heat convection between the air and the tunnel wall as well as the heat transfer in the surrounding rock and at interfaces between different materials in the structure of the tunnel.
In organic (opto)electronics, the performance of devices strongly depends on the energy level alignment at interfaces between different functional materials and the electrodes.
The interface finite elements were placed between the adherends and the adhesive, at the midplane of the adhesive and at the interfaces between different oriented layers of the adherends.
A total of 20 anchors were installed to monitor major bed separations which occurred at the interfaces between different rock units above the Bulli seam (the mining seam).
Different analyses have consistently shown in this study that populations such as the Tu, Yi, HanGanshu, Bai, and Pumi reside at the interfaces between different clusters.
5, 7– 9 These models differ from each other in defining the precise orientation of the components and the interface formed between the structural units at different muscle regulation states.
However, owing to the sharp discontinuity in the material properties at interfaces between two different layers, there may exist stress concentrations causing severe material failure (Weissenbek et al. 1997).
