Sentence examples for between individuals based on from inspiring English sources

For this, we first created a distance matrix among individuals by calculating pairwise Jaccard's distance between individuals, based on participant responses to each question.

The family has increasingly evolved from a hierarchical institution based on a fixed status to a set of relationships between individuals based on contract.

CONCLUSION: Findings of this exploratory study were internally consistent and support a theoretical framework suggesting that patterns of social relations between individuals based on informal social status in the workplace may contribute to differences in work-related injury risk among individuals with the same job title.

Phylogenetic evidence suggests an ability in many organisms to discriminate between individuals based on relatedness [12], including chimpanzees [13], and humans [14], through a recognition heuristic [15], and/or through self-referent phenotype matching [16].

This increases the complexity of the genetic relationships between individuals based on the X chromosome.

Procrustes methods superimpose the landmarks in order to minimize differences between individuals based on position, rotation and scale.

For this analysis, we calculated the pairwise kinship analogue coefficient between all individuals based on the genetic distances between haplotypes (N ij ) separated at different distance classes vs. natural logarithm of distance classes (ld ij ) to provide the regression slope (b ld ) on spatial scales up to 10 km in a procedure similar to that used for microsatellites [ 89].

By discriminating between distinctive individuals based on their featured high-resolution melting curves[ 11], one of the most challenging tasks is the discrimination of amplicons differing by homoduplexes.

This program compares the likelihoods of different relationship categories between two individuals, based on simulations and genotypic data, and corrects for the presence of null alleles [ 53].

To assess if any remaining relatedness exists among the samples, the pairwise proportion of alleles identical-by-state (IBS) was calculated between all individuals based on 2,000 randomly chosen autosomal markers, ensuring IBS < 0.95 for all samples.

Previous work has modeled interactions between individuals based directly on their relative spatial positions: each individual is considered to interact with all neighbors within a fixed distance (metric range [2]), a fixed number of nearest neighbors (topological range [3]), a 'shell' of near neighbors (Voronoi range [4]), or some combination (Figure 1A).