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These concentrations were observed during significant elevation of TT and not at steady-state, and the relationship between concentration and effect is unlikely to be direct.
Linear, Emax, and sigmoidal Emax models have all been used to describe the relationship between concentration and effect for ECG intervals.
76% of compounds adopt indirect response models to describe the time delay between concentration and effect, rather than a simple effect compartment model more commonly used for ECG intervals.
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Thus, our statistical power for detecting functional relationships between concentrations and effects was probably limited within the range of concentrations where effects should be most predominant.
The full information about the relation between concentration and toxicity (effect) is described by the concentration-response relation (see example in Fig. 1a).
The selection of effect indicators in the pharmacokinetic/ pharmacodynamic study of complex diseases to describe the relationship between plasma concentration and effect indicators is difficult.
The results are potentially useful for the calculation of loading and maintenance doses, particularly when the relationship between serum concentration and effect in preeclampsia is clarified.
Despite considerable inter-patient variability in response time profiles, the population model revealed a strong correlation between drug concentration and effect and exhibited greater precision than the NN model.
When the apparent delay between drug concentration and effect is due more to lag in PD processes than biophase equilibration, indirect or turnover PD models may be appropriate.
Pharmacodynamics (PD) is defined as "what the drug does to the body" and is a way of describing the mechanisms of drug action and defining the relationship between drug concentration and effect.
Furthermore the methodology seems well suited for investigation the thermal antinociceptive profile of opioids in dogs with respect to onset and duration of effect, and concurrent blood analysis can be performed to elucidate the relationship between plasma concentration and effect, as in the current study.
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