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The Cox proportional hazards analysis was used to assess the relationship between changes in urine protein excretion during follow-up and the effect of ACE inhibitors on the time to doubling of baseline serum creatinine values or onset of end-stage renal disease.
We found no correlation between changes in urine output and changes in MAP or PP.
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We assessed the correlation between changes in the urine LAM result and clinical signs of response to treatment, including weight gain, resolution of TB-related symptoms and physician assessment for clinical improvement (table 3).
We compared the between-group change in urine volume, kidney function, electrolytes and other variables using the independent t test or Mann-Whitney U, as appropriate.
This observation is consistent with previous investigations by Bourgoin et al. [ 19] and LeDoux et al. [ 20], which showed the lack of correlation between changes in MAP and response in urine output [ 19, 20] or serum creatinine concentrations [ 19] using norepinephrine to increase MAP from 65 to 85 mmHg.
Our secondary objective was evaluation of the relationship between changes in renal Doppler and urine output.
We used Doppler techniques to investigate the effects of fluid administration on intrarenal hemodynamics and the relationship between changes in renal hemodynamics and urine output.
Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between the level of proteinuria at baseline and changes in urine protein excretion during follow-up.
For a more comprehensive overview on factors related to unpleasant changes in urine scent, check out Why does my urine stink? in the Go Ask Alice! archives.
Signs of kidney disease include unexplained nausea or vomiting, loss of appetite, fatigue and weakness, and changes in urine output.
Fig 2 shows the changes in urine output and sodium-free water clearance observed before and 24 h after administration of Tolvaptan, as well as the change in serum and urine osmolality.
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