Sentence examples for between cave and surface from inspiring English sources

Such QTL analysis has revealed several regions of the genome that influence eye size differences between cave and surface forms (Jeffrey 2009; Protas et al. 2008).

Furthermore, mtDNA-based divergences between cave and surface populations in the eastern Blepsimolge are consistently small.

Hybrids between cave and surface formes are intermediate in phenotype between the two [ 6].

Microsatellite analyses provided further support for the notion of measurable gene flow between cave and surface forms [ 2].

The relatively high rates of migration between cave and surface populations here may not be a rule for cavefish.

Migration rates between cave and surface populations were largely asymmetrical, with migration from the surface into caves typically greater than in the reverse direction.

A recent study argues that cave-associated phenotypes are selected for in the cave environment, given the level of gene flow that has been observed between cave and surface-dwelling populations [ 8].

These authors reported significant population differentiation between Astyanax cave and surface forms through analyses of both nuclear (microsatellite) DNA and mtDNA.

Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) experiments were conducted to determine if opsin expression differed between the cave and surface populations.

Given the lack of evidence for loss of functional constraint in both G. minus opsin genes, it appears possible that cis regulatory changes underlie the morphological differences between the cave and surface populations.

In contrast, a very recent study by Bradic et al., 2012, analyzing 26 different loci (microsatellites) in 11 cave and 10 surface populations, argues that measurable gene flow has occurred between both cave and surface and from cave to cave populations.