There was no significant correlation between pitch and body size parameters in spontaneous song, but there was for response songs, with larger females having a lower pitch.
Table 2 shows comparisons of age distribution and body size parameters between FORMEN study participants and the male population of Nara Prefecture[ 26, 27] or Japan [ 26, 28].
However, body size parameters differed between seasonal samples (factor ANOVA, p < 0.001), with fish exhibiting the smallest body parameter (i.e. concerning all above mentioned body parameters) in spring and the largest body parameters in summer when compared to early spring and autumn samples (Tukey post hoc test, p < 0.001).
Additionally, we used the Head and Body Length (HBL), Tail Length (TaL) and Weight (W) as external body size parameters.
No significant effect of fish group on body size parameters was found (p > 0.05), i.e. standard length, total body weight, and somatic body weight did not differ between fish groups.
Due to the dependence of these values on age, size and sex, all data were normalised for body size parameters.
A limitation in this analysis to exploring a variety of body size parameters was the absence of patient height data.
It is thus necessary to partial out the relationship between body size and acoustic parameters prior to conducting a phylogenetic signal analysis.
Separate regressions were conducted for each clade in the case of intra-clade analyses to account for the fact that the allometric relationship between body size and acoustic parameters may vary across clades [ 29].
While a recent model based on the niche model explicitly assumes that species are ordered by their body size [11], a relationship between body size and niche model parameters has not yet been formally demonstrated, and the extent to which body size alone or in combination with other species traits determines food web structure is not yet well understood.
