Secondary lateral rotation and abduction (lateral tilt) of the talus leads to a posttraumatic flat foot, followed by arthritic changes and contractures [7, 9, 12].
Bone morphological changes following articular fracture also correlated with both severity of arthritic changes and the degree of synovial inflammation (Table 2).
It is a progressive disease in which the malformation of the hipbones causes arthritic changes, lameness, and pain.
An increase of CS or a decrease of RAA will intensify the radio-carpal force, with potential links to arthritic changes, pain and loss of range of motion.
Significant Spearman correlations, rs, between Mankin scores of arthritic changes, synovitis scores, and bone morphology parameters following articular fracture in the knee indicate a complex interaction among joint tissues with PTA disease progression (correlation coefficients in boldface text are statistically significant, P <0.05).
To better characterize PTA disease progression following articular fracture, the relationship between synovial inflammation and arthritic changes in the joint were examined by correlating Mankin and synovitis scores for all groups (Table 2).
Also, in patients with hip osteoarthritis, there is a lack of strict correlation between the degree of arthritic changes on hip radiographs and patient symptoms.
Patients with greater joint congruity and without arthritic changes had greater ability to walk and stand for unlimited periods (P = 0.01).
Full-length standing hip knee ankle, anteroposterior (AP), lateral, and skyline radiographs were used to evaluate the mechanical axis and arthritic changes.
