A higher number of correct answers in this time period indicated a better executive functions and processing speed.
Post hoc analyses revealed that, with regard to teacher ratings, the CHEXI scores were significantly lower (i.e., showing better executive functioning) in Sweden and Spain compared to China and Iran.
For instance, Naudts and Hodgins [ 3] found that people with schizophrenia who have a long history of aggressive behaviour have better executive functioning than those who become violent after illness onset.
For the parent ratings, the children in the Swedish sample were again rated as having significantly better executive functioning compared to the samples from the three other countries on both subscales.
However, data for one working memory test, the backward condition of the digit span subtest from WISC (Weschler, 1991), were available in the Swedish and Iranian samples, and the results showed no significant differences between the two countries and the girls in both countries were rated as having slightly better executive functioning compared to boys.
Researchers have found that bilinguals have better executive function (control over attention and the planning of complex tasks).
In the control group, an unexpected negative relationship was found between executive function and radial diffusivity, in that increasing radial diffusivity was related to better executive function.
Although executive function typically declines with advancing years, "elderly people who have been athletic all their lives have much better executive function than sedentary people of the same age," Dr. Aamodt and Dr. Wang reported.
Previously, it has been argued that these four coping domain could be usefully combined into one category of coping, the category of Non-Symptomatic Coping (NSC; for more detail about MACS see previous publications[ 15, 28, 31]) It was hypothesised that quantity and quality of coping would be associated with better executive function.
For example, in Dr Fan's and Dr Liberman's experiment the bilingual children had better executive function than the exposure ones, while all three groups had similar vocabularies, fluid intelligence (the ability to reason quickly and think abstractly) and non-verbal visual-spatial skills.
