Further, the phospho-serine-15 levels of p53 were drastically downregulated in benign and malignant stages of breast cancer (Figure S4A and B) implicating that once SMAR1 function is disrupted, p53 is no more stabilized.
Previous study has shown that fascin is overexpressed in both the benign and malignant stages of colorectal neoplasia and is associated with malignant progression of these tumours [ 11, 12].
There is no agreement about the nature of this lesion; concepts vary from an ordinary benign change, to the first recognizable stage of well-differentiated DCIS.
In transgenic mice which spontaneously develop pancreatic tumors, E-cadherin expression was shown to decrease with tumor progression, but maintenance of E-cadherin expression during tumorigenesis arrested tumor development at the benign adenoma stage while expression of a dominant negative E-cadherin induced early metastasis [ 16].
In order to detect variations at an early stage of the disease, we compared benign tumors with borderline tumors and with stage I EOC.
Recently, we have discovered that the precancerous stem cells (pCSCs), representing the premalignant stage of developing CSCs, have the potential for both benign and malignant differentiation [15], [16].
In oncological patients, distinguishing benign from metastatic adrenal tumours is often critical in determining the stage of disease, in predicting prognosis and in determining optimal management [ 1– 3].
A new study examined VEGF expression in benign, borderline, and malignant neoplasms to correlate it with histological grade and stage of ovarian cancer patients.
The ratios of E2 to E1 (P = 0.046 for benign vs. stage I; P = 0.002 for benign vs. stage III/IV, Figure 1C) and of E3 to 16α-OH-E1 (P = 0.010 for benign vs. stage I; P = 0.0001 for benign vs. stage III/IV, Figure 1D) could differentiate benign from malignant tumor samples.
Tips and stinging criticisms are, in this stage of the car social-networking trend, less common than brief, benign commentary.
