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Simulation and comparisons based on several well-studied benchmarks functions and real-world engineering problems demonstrate the effectiveness, efficiency and stability of the proposed method.
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The standard benchmark functions are as follows.
In experiments, 50-dimensional versions of benchmark functions were studied.
Table 16 Benchmark functions used in experiments 1 Sl.
Their performance were tested with 23 benchmark functions.
Experimental results are compared using 23 benchmark functions.
The performance of mCS is confirmed with some benchmark functions.
Performance testing has been conducted on some typical benchmark functions.
Benchmark instances and experimental results are presented and discussed in "Benchmark functions and experimental results", respectively.
"Function definitions" details the definitions of the 15 benchmark functions, and Sect.
To evaluate the performance of ICTLBO, 22 benchmark functions presented in CEC2006 and 18 benchmark functions introduced in CEC2010 are chosen as the test suite.
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