The estimation error is defined as the absolute difference between the benchmark value and the estimations given by all algorithms.
Employees logged into the survey system and received an immediate, automated feedback of their results in form of a "traffic-light" display (red, orange, and green), detailed percentile ranks with regard to benchmark values, and tips for the highlighted topic.
For British Columbia, we find the 'optimal' parameter values are very close to the benchmark values and that we only make a small improvement in model fit by taking advantage of the experimental variation.
Furthermore, benchmark values and more background data are urgently needed in order to give humanitarian nongovernmental organizations tools for lowering the carbon footprint of their construction operations.
The benchmark value and free allocation factor for units can be found in Table 3.
Data from complete and high-quality national registries were used as reference benchmark values reflecting the outcome in average patient service.
Structural responses were compared against benchmark values, defined as the median values of the engineering demand parameters (EDPs) due to a larger set of unscaled far-field records.
Since there are no benchmark values of the PSI scores, an empirical approach has been adopted to generate reference ranges for the mean PSI subscale and overall scores.
Rescaling the variables to set the benchmark values of z and λ to unity, the benchmark value of ρ must also be 1 (now, ρ is a deflator).
For the two relative measures, CI and CI u, the benchmark values are identical to the corresponding levels of initial inequality, given that equiproportionate health changes are inequality preserving in these cases.
