Such an approach would contribute to better orientation of scientific policies within and between countries and encourage national and international collaborations around the most productive sites in certain fields of research, rather than using bibliometric analysis primarily as a tool to benchmark universities or countries.
Work is now in progress on similar benchmarks for university governing bodies and publicly-appointed bodies.
However, at least two foundations run by women outperformed the 21.3percentt benchmark for universities in that same time period.
The GASU was designed to facilitate the analysis, longitudinal comparison and benchmarking of universities' sustainability efforts and achievement.
Furthermore, while TOPIK scores have been widely accepted as an admission benchmark among Korean universities, it is unclear whether TOPIK measures the Korean language proficiency required in academic settings.
In 2005, the Ministry of Education (MoE) began implementing the English graduation benchmark policy in universities across Taiwan, with the aim to encourage college students to pass a credible standardized English test before graduation.
In response, in August the National Institutes of Health (NIH) announced that it was raising its basic postdoc stipend levels widely considered an unofficial salary benchmark, although some universities nonetheless have paid at least some postdocs considerably less by 9% to $47,484, a hair above the new federal cut-off.
At present, more than 90% of universities in Taiwan have implemented the English graduation benchmark policy, with each university setting its own benchmark standard.
But this benchmark figure matters to universities.
Then, they designated benchmarks by which the university's progress could be measured over the years.
