Poles had more of their below-ground biomass closer to the stem than wands and stakes.
Unlike root length, below-ground biomass was concentrated closest to the stem for all planting types.
The idea of the unusual below-ground space for worship, Mr. Lee said, stems from the concept that "our church is born again from the soil".
In general, maximum nutrients (N, P and K) were allocated to above-ground components (leaves > stem > branches) than below-ground components.
australis and M. ericifolia) were harvested and data collected on above-ground biomass (AGB), below-ground biomass (BGB), root shoot length, plant height, stem diameter, and number of growth points (terminal branches).
Root biomass (total below-ground biomass less the stump) followed a similar pattern to root length, with biomass decreasing away from the stem.
Most plant scientists, in contrast to animal scientists, study only half the organism, namely above-ground stems, leaves, flowers and fruits, and neglect below-ground roots.
Allometric model parameters are not restricted to only the above-ground measures of trees' traits (such as stem diameter and height), but also characterize below-ground biomass.
There are limited studies that have investigated both the above-ground and below-ground early growth of poplars and willows, and fewer that have examined the influence of planting material size (stem length and/or stem diameter) on early growth and survival of clones of these two genera.
Final stem diameter in September 2009 was used in all analyses, as this metric was the best predictor of total above- and below-ground seedling biomass in greenhouse grown seedlings (R = 0.40, N = 159, P < 0.0001; R = 0.10 for stem height).
