37 Children were classified as stunted, underweight or thin if z scores for height-for-age, weight-for-age, and body mass index were less than two standard deviations (SD) below the respective reference median.
At ART initiation, 54 (64.3%) of 84 patients had a WAZ-score below -2SD of the WHO reference median.
The median age of 67 for patients with short-term reoperation is one year below the median age of the reference group (median age = 68 years).
Convention on malnutrition categorization was followed with children >2.0 standard deviation but <3.0 standard deviation below the median reference categorized as moderately malnourished, and children >3.0 standard deviation below the median reference categorized as severely malnourished.1.1
In particular, stunting, or height-for-age z score more than 2 standard deviations below the median reference set by the World Health Organization, has been associated with later behavioral problems, cognitive deficits, and increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease (1– 5).
MBP levels above the median were 1.97 times (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.97 4.04) more likely to have sperm concentration below the reference value.
Please, find below the reference.
Weight-for-height measures wasting or acute malnutrition and can be expressed as a z-score which is the number of standard deviations or Z-scores below or above the reference mean or median value [ 21].
In Tables 8 and 9, "below median" is the reference category for all QoL scales.
eAge below 25 as the reference category.
