Sentence examples for below the reference group from inspiring English sources

Our analysis of 2648 inventors in the pharmaceutical industry shows that for those performing above their reference group (of past and current co-inventors in patenting), an increase in relative performance decreases the likelihood of mobility, and for those performing below the reference group, a decrease in relative performance decreases the likelihood of mobility.

Since the outcome variables were standardized, results are given as group scores above or below the reference group in fractions of standard deviations, denoted d in the tables.

Cohort effects are present, with both the 1951 60 and 1961 70 cohorts displaying a hazard rate about 15% below that of the reference group of women in the 1941 50 cohort.

Moreover, it is apparent that on average the German BuSs are below the average for the reference group for the J-factor.

*A relative risk greater than one indicates that the patient group was more likely to be referred than the specified reference group, whereas a value below one indicates that they are less likely to be referred relative to the reference group.

Approximately 80% of TERT mutation carriers fell below the 10th percentile of the reference group; all were shorter than the 50th percentile (Figure 2B).

The median age of 67 for patients with short-term reoperation is one year below the median age of the reference group (median age = 68 years).

Among children with both prior and concurrent blood lead concentrations below the corresponding medians as the reference group, those with prior blood lead concentrations at or above median but concurrent blood lead concentrations below the median did not have a decrease in school-age IQ score.

The group with levels above the 10th percentile or below the 90th percentile served as the reference group.

For imputation of SNPs with a MAF below 0.005, it was necessary that the reference group included at least 1200 individuals and for imputation of SNPs with a MAF between 0.005 and 0.05, only about 40% of the SNP genotypes were imputed with 1200 individuals in the reference group.

Plasma levels below the 25th percentile were used as the reference group when using categorical variables.