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Exact(25)
(d) T = 0.97, just below the percolation threshold.
This loading is below the percolation threshold for electrical conductivity.
It is well known that below the percolation threshold, there is less growth in the conductivity value than above it.
When characterizing polymer nanotube composites electronically, we need to keep the SWNT concentration near or below the percolation threshold.
Samples with 1 and 1.25% graphene volume fraction exhibited high resistivity levels indicating a filler loading below the percolation threshold.
This concentration is evidently below the percolation threshold value, which is estimated to be above 50% w/w.
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Thus, the scenario depends on whether the system is below or above the percolation threshold.
In addition, statistical analysis by ANOVA revealed that the filler type and loading are the principal factors contributing to the relative conductivity of composites, both below and above the percolation threshold.
Al2O3/graphene and BaTiO3/graphene composites with different concentrations of the conductive second phase, both below and above the percolation threshold, were prepared by the traditional ceramic processing route followed by spark plasma sintering.
Composites with MWCNTs of the same nominal length and similar electrical conductivity values, regardless of whether the MWCNT concentration was below or above the percolation threshold, exhibited quantitatively similar frequency-conductivity sensitivity.
Electrical resistivity results showed that the percolation threshold in our PS CNF nanocomposites was below 2 wt% (1 vol%).
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