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Competence in the "wild" environmental strains or derivatives of these strains containing the empty vector or pLK without IPTG induction was below detectable limits in LB medium.
MIF was below detectable limits in the secretome of G-415.
Without oxygen, the yeast population remained at or below detectable limits in both co-culture and mono-culture (Additional file 4A).
Likewise, F-HHSiD was also eliminated from the mouse bloodstream so rapidly (t1/2 < 30 min; Supplementary Table 3) that it was below detectable limits in the plasma less than 30 min after oral administration.
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These elements are toxic to humans, especially at higher doses; however, the concentrations of these non-essential metals were below detectable limit.
Interestingly, when O. tauri is placed in prolonged darkness, transcription rates fall below detectable limits and the rhythm in luciferase fused with the clock component CCA (Circadian Clock associated) dampens after one day.
In vivo IL-4 levels were below detectable limits but a significant increase in IL-10 was demonstrated at day seven in all three treatment groups.
Circulating IL-17 and IL-23 levels were below the detectable limits in both the groups in our experimental settings.
The concentration of cytokines in the synovial fluid was below the detectable limits in all samples, likely because of the use of a 100-μl lavage protocol that diluted all samples.
Integrase inhibitors are a relatively new class of antiretroviral compounds, one of which is raltegravir (RAL), which has potent and durable antiviral activity similar to that of efavirenz, but which achieved HIV suppression to below detectable limits at a faster rate in a 24 week study [ 14].
During viral infection, high levels of virus-specific T cells are found in acute infection, falling below detectable limits as the viral load decreases and reappearing in chronic infections during episodes of transient viremia.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com