The outage is defined to be the event when the mutual information from the source to the destination falls below the given rate.
For each city, we plotted a cumulative frequency distribution between the z-score for the percent of hours residences were below a given infiltration rate and the natural log of that infiltration rate.
If the given rate is below the requested rate, utility is 0. As illustrated in Figure 3, the utility function is a Heaviside step function: u k x k r k = 0, otherwise.
The LOD was defined as the lowest amount of target DNA that was amplified with a false-negative rate below a given threshold.
Further bits are requested until the estimated bit error rate drops below a given threshold, then each coefficient value is reconstructed using a minimum mean square error estimator, and the IDCT returns the decoded Wyner-Ziv frame.
As an important performance measure of wireless communication systems, the outage probability is defined as the probability that the instantaneous achievable rate falls below a given threshold R. Mathematically, the outage probability can be expressed as [32] P out R = Pr 1 2 log 2 1 + γ < R ≈ F γ up Δ, (21).
The SI is used in the turbo decoder, along with WZ parity bits requested from feedback channel, in order to reconstruct the decoded WZ frames In this paper, the turbo decoder stops requesting more bits if the bitplane bit error rate is below a given threshold equal to Figure 1 DVC architecture.
While it is difficult to estimate the false discovery rate, the approach in Benjamini and Hochberg (1995) gives a simple procedure to control it, i.e., make sure the false discovery rate is below a given bound.
Acceleration is achieved by scaling the potential energy landscape by a constant factor, for all terms below a given threshold, thereby enhancing the escape rate between low-energy conformational sub-states.
Clearly, below a given income level, even a 70percentt replacement rate might not be sufficient to maintain a basic level of consumption.
