Used and loved by millions
Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com
below
Grammar usage guide and real-world examplesUSAGE SUMMARY
The word “below” is correct and usable in written English.
You can use it to refer to something that is lower in position, or to refer to information that is provided further down on a page or document. Example: Please refer to the instructions provided below.
✓ Grammatically correct
News & Media
Travel
Lifestyle
Alternative expressions(20)
under
beneath
underneath
lower than
downstream of
in a lower position than
at a lower level
is equivalent to
in the wishes of
rapidly thereafter
for the immediate future
Very soon
somewhere later
one week before
at the early time
in the next weeks
it is important to remember
during the previous years
to avoid disruption
not yet completed
Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Human-verified examples from authoritative sources
Exact Expressions
60 human-written examples
The chart below looks at the top host countries for FDI in 2013.
News & Media
It is as if we are the only people on earth, until there's a sudden movement far below from one of the Amerindians, walking across a clearing in the jungle.
News & Media
In the curry recipe below, Indian spices just play footmen to these local ingredients.
News & Media
The video player below is timed to start with the invasion footage.
News & Media
Below, Guardian editors and staff nominate their pick for Person of the Year.
News & Media
Below are a selection of views from Guardian readers - and you can add to the debate in the comments section below.
News & Media
Below, you might feel like tearing your hair out.
News & Media
Let us know in the comments section below.
News & Media
Let us know below.
News & Media
Tell us about your experience in the comment section below.
News & Media
Let us know what you think in the comments below.
News & Media
Expert writing Tips
Best practice
When using "below" to refer to content in a document or webpage, ensure there is a clear visual cue (e.g., a line, heading, or spatial arrangement) to guide the reader.
Common error
Avoid using "below" when "under" is more appropriate to indicate direct physical contact or containment. For instance, say "the cat is under the table" rather than "below" it.
Source & Trust
91%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested
Linguistic Context
The word "below" functions primarily as an adverb and a preposition. As an adverb, it indicates a lower position or a later point in a text. As a preposition, it specifies something is lower in relation to something else. Ludwig AI confirms its correct usage.
Frequent in
News & Media
55%
Travel
15%
Lifestyle
10%
Less common in
Sport
5%
Business
5%
Science
5%
Ludwig's WRAP-UP
In summary, "below" is a versatile word used as both an adverb and a preposition to denote a lower position or to refer to subsequent content. Ludwig AI confirms it as grammatically correct and appropriate for use in various contexts. It’s highly frequent in News & Media, Travel, and Lifestyle writing. While generally neutral in register, its precise meaning depends on the context, making it essential to differentiate its usage from similar terms like "under" or "beneath". Remember to clearly indicate what is positioned "below" when referring to document content to prevent ambiguity.
More alternative expressions(10)
Phrases that express similar concepts, ordered by semantic similarity:
under
Indicates a lower position, similar to "below" but often implies direct contact or covering.
beneath
A more formal synonym for "below", suggesting a lower position or status.
underneath
Emphasizes a hidden or covered lower position compared to "below".
down from
Describes a position lower than a reference point, focusing on movement or direction.
lower than
Specifically compares the relative position or value, unlike the more general "below".
downstream of
Refers specifically to a position along a river or flow, unlike the general "below".
south of
Specifies a direction relative to a location, limiting the scope compared to "below".
in a lower position than
A more verbose phrasing that emphasizes the positioning in comparison to "below".
at a lower level
Highlights the level or hierarchy aspect, differing from "below"'s broader usage.
on a lower floor
Specifies location within a building, unlike the more general application of "below".
FAQs
How to use "below" in a sentence?
You can use "below" to indicate something is in a lower position (e.g., "The basement is below the ground floor.") or to refer to information appearing later in a text (e.g., "See the chart below for more details.").
What can I say instead of "below"?
Depending on the context, you can use alternatives such as "under", "beneath", or "underneath" if you mean a lower position. If you're referring to something further down in a text, you could use "see later".
Which is correct, "below" or "underneath"?
"Below" and "underneath" are both correct but have slightly different nuances. "Below" generally indicates a lower position, while "underneath" often suggests being covered or hidden.
What's the difference between "below" and "under"?
"Below" indicates a lower position, not necessarily in direct contact. "Under" implies a lower position and often suggests direct physical contact or covering. For example, "the water is below the boat" versus "the rug is under the table".
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Table of contents
Usage summary
Human-verified examples
Expert writing tips
Linguistic context
Ludwig's wrap-up
Alternative expressions
FAQs
Source & Trust
91%
Authority and reliability
4.6/5
Expert rating
Real-world application tested