A cynic might take such facts as meaning that people subscribe to theories of this sort more as a matter of emotional than of rational conviction; metaphysics, as Bradley remarked with surprising frankness, consists in the finding of bad reasons for what one believes upon instinct.
In other words, epistemic-probabilistic models do not describe what a player may believe upon learning something "surprising" (i.e., something currently assigned probability zero).
To make this precise, we introduce the notion of a conditional belief: suppose \ \M=\plausmodel\) is an epistemic-plausibility model and \(E\) and \(F\) are events, then the conditional belief operator is defined as follows: So, '\(B_i^F\)' encodes what agent \(i\) will believe upon receiving (possibly misleading) evidence that \(F\) is true.
"O you who have believed, decreed upon you is fasting as it was decreed upon those before you that you may become righteous..
In his ruling, Judge Friedman said the company was not irreparably harmed because it continued to make money from its patents, either by licensing them outright or by threatening litigation against those it believed infringed upon them.
America's success, Twain believed, depends upon educated, informed and engaged citizens, who demand accountability from elected representatives and speak out for reforms.
It is believed that upon prion infection, PrPSc elicits the conversion of PrPC to the abnormal conformer [1].
It is believed that upon binding of the peptide acceptor the C-terminal part of EL5 pins the substrate in place against the periplasmic domain of PglB [ 10 ].
A newly arrived Englishman believed a "treatise upon stinks" could be written about New York; a 1780 proclamation ordered all garbage dumped into Beekman's Swamp, an unhappy prospect.
He took the lead in bringing a series of lawsuits against rival aircraft builders in the United States and Europe who the brothers believed had infringed upon their patent rights.
