Contaminating genomic DNA was removed by two consecutive incubations using the DNA-free DNase Treatment and Removal kit (Applied Biosystems).
Unbound virus was removed by two washes with cold media.
This vector is PCA transformed, and the noise is removed by two shrinkage stages.
MB is removed by two ways biodegradation and adsorption on bacterial surface.
Surface-bound activity was removed by two 5-min acid washes (50 mM glycin-HCl, 100 mM NaCl, pH 2.8).
Unbound radioligand was removed by two washes with 250 μL TRIS buffered saline, and the remaining radioactivity on the filter was measured in the gamma counter.
Excess unbound free dye was removed by two consecutive size-exclusion columns (Bio-Rad DG).
Coral nematocysts were removed by two consecutive filtrations (20 µm; Millipore, USA) using a vacuum pump.
After the respective incubation period, non-bound bacteria/protein was removed by two washes in PBS.
Inactivated Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin was removed by two washes in PBS.
Cellular debris was removed by two consecutive centrifugation steps at 4500×g for 5 min at RT. Supernatants were centrifuged at 20000×g for 1 h at 4°C.
