Many conservation planners want to set minimum PA size thresholds, as small PAs are less viable and more expensive to manage, but this can only be achieved with existing software packages by repeatedly reducing the fragmentation levels of the PA system until every PA meets the threshold.
Here, several AML cell lines were less viable and more apoptotic in serum-reduced medium after IGFBP7 over expression.
The process of somatic fusion using electroporation can be detrimental to protoplasts, particularly those that are less viable and unable to withstand the repeated centrifugation and culture manipulations required.
Transgenic cotton plants expressing constructs encoding the NaD1 precursor with the CTPP had the same morphology as non-transgenic plants but expression of NaD1 without the CTPP led to plants that were stunted, had crinkled leaves and were less viable.
In keeping with these observations, cultured PKC θ−/− cardiomyocytes were less viable than wild-type cardiomyocytes, and, unlike wild-type cardiomyocytes, underwent programmed cell death upon stimulation with α1-adrenergic agonists and hypoxia.
This is particularly interesting because an S. pombe mutant strain that fails to coordinate zinc grows much more slowly and is less viable than wild-type or dcr1Δ cells.
SLE patient cells were impaired in their capacity to form CFU and were less viable, resulting in lower numbers of cells after 14 days of culture (data not shown).
When cultured in autophagy-stimulating conditions, cells lacking ddTpp1 rapidly decrease in size and are less viable than wild-type cells, suggesting that one function of ddTpp1 could be to limit autophagy.
Further, autophagy-defective mutants show a marked reduction in protein turnover in autophagy-stimulating conditions as compared to wild type and are less viable than wild type when cultured in ASM, suggesting a loss in viability due to an inability to generate nutrients through catabolism (King et al., 2013).
The rhetoric aside, HBCUs that cannot attract and retain experienced, visionary, passionate and effective leadership at the presidential and cabinet levels are less viable than those that can.
