Expression of astrocyte-elevated gene-1, a novel oncoprotein, is elevated in multiple cancers and plays a vital role in tumor cell growth, invasion, angiogenesis, and progression to metastasis.
Consistently, the expression of TAZ is elevated in multiple human cancers, such as invasive ductal breast cancer and glioblastoma (Bhat et al., 2011; Chan et al., 2008; Cordenonsi et al., 2011; Zhou et al., 2015a), implying the oncogenic roles of TAZ in human cancer development.
PTOV1 expression is elevated in multiple cancers, including lung, endometrium, bladder, kidney and ovary cancer [ 6].
CYP2S1 expression is elevated in multiple epithelial-derived cancers as well as in the chronic hyperproliferative disease psoriasis.
NGAL was elevated in multiple murine models of obesity, and reduction of NGAL in cultured adipocytes improved insulin sensitivity.
Measurement of DAG in obese Zucker rat tissues revealed that 1,2-DAG was elevated in multiple tissues in this model of type 2 diabetes.
Expression levels of PGRN, whose release is facilitated by anti-inflammatory stimuli in microglia, are elevated in multiple sclerosis brains [ 28, 29].
Otherwise, transcriptional activity of CFI is enhanced in the presence of some cytokines, e.g. IL-6 [ 14], and IL-6 is elevated in multiple myeloma [ 15].
This suggestion is further supported by the observation that Lplunc1 is elevated in multiple array studies of mouse models of lung diseases (Barnes et al. 2008) in which goblet cell number are known to be increased.
Homologous recombination activity has been shown to be elevated in multiple myeloma cells leading to an increased rate of mutation and progressive accumulation of genetic variation over time [ 30].
