where is the likelihood cost obtained for the couple of pixels, is the rank of the pixel, is a discrete function that allows to highlight the large gaps between scores.
Therefore, the stored conditional PDF for each possible status C i (normal or sleeping) is a discrete function such as ( {mathrm{pdf}}_Fleft({r}_Fright)=left{widehat{p}left({r}_Fleft|{C}_iright.right) left|forall {r}_Fepsilon mathrm{R}mathrm{G}right.left({mathrm{pdf}}_Fright)right} ), where r F is any of the discrete values of the range RG pdf F (r F )) where the distribution is defined.
The utility reward to secondary user i who wins the channel at bid b i is a discrete function, denoted as u i (v i (C i,b i )), where v i is defined as an increasing function of the channel capacity (C i ) of secondary user i, but a decreasing function of b i. u i (v i ) reflects the value of the goods (i.e., channel) to secondary user i. C i is defined as C i = W log 2 1 + ρ i h i σ 2 ⏟ SNR, (1).
The histogram of a vorticity map with vorticity values in the range [0, L−1] is a discrete function h rk) = nk, where rk is the kth vorticity value and nk is the number of pixels in the flow map having vorticity value rk.
In this equation g n 1, g n 2,..., g nk are the regulators of gene g n, and F n is a discrete function known as logical rule (logical rules were grounded on available experimental data and are graphically represented in Figures 1E, 1F, [see Additional file 1]).
A map a : Z → Z is called a discrete function if it has finite support.
Definition 2.8 A map a : Z → Z is called a discrete function if it has finite support.
In this way the total dose is approximately a discrete function linearly proportional to the time after the start of RT [ 10].
(2.5). is an interior penalty term and is a discrete positive function that takes the constant value on the edge and is bounded below by and above by.
where P s,n) is a discrete probability function constructed from the results of the counting algorithm, which returns the probability of n number of targets in stable period s.
