Apparently, addressing the most severely antisocial young people may yield gains for the group concerned [ 3, 13, 14], but antisocial behaviours such as fighting, setting fires, and theft are much more prevalent [ 4- 6].
Aggressive and antisocial behaviours such as fighting and stealing occur more frequently among boys than girls, with an estimated prevalence ratio of 3-4 to 1 [ 1, 2] Boys and girls with these behaviours frequently have a range of other difficulties, including other emotional and behavioural problems, and academic and social impairments.
These "pure bullies" were more likely to have been sacked from jobs, to be in a violent relationship and to be involved in risky or illegal behaviour, such as getting drunk, taking drugs, fighting, lying and having one-night stands with strangers.
While other evaluations of violence prevention strategies often focus on changes in behaviour (such as student reports of fighting) or impacts within a narrow target population, the outcomes reported here reflect community level changes in injury sustained in violence.
These powers of intervention are aimed at behaviour problems caused by children away from school - such as fighting between pupils from different schools and "low-level anti-social behaviour".
In the context of aggressive conflict, cooperative behaviour, such as the lateralization of aggressive displays in convict cichlids, Amatitlania nigrofasciata (Arnott et al. 2011), has been suggested to reduce the costs of fighting.
The first is externalizing behaviour, such as aggression and hyperactivity, and the second is internalizing behaviour, such as depression and anxiety.
Many exhibited repetitive behaviour, such as repeatedly pacing.
Emotional abuse meant exposure to behaviour such as harshness and name-calling from parents.
The extraordinary justifications for the hacks' behaviour, such as the "public domain" defence.
