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Here we introduce a family of synthetic lipids with designed cyclopropyl modifications in the hydrophobic chains that exhibit unique liquid-crystalline behaviour at low temperature, which enables the maintenance of amorphous water down to ~10 K due to nanoconfinement.
The χT(T) behaviour at low temperature, signifies a rapid low temperature decrease that suggested overall antiferromagnetic interactions, though cautioned by the anisotropy of the NdIII ion.
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Nanoclays do not seem to have beneficial effects on fatigue behaviour at low temperatures.
The tribological behaviour at low temperatures is unknown for many materials even for those widely used in cryogenic engineering.
It was found that the stress-strain behaviour at low temperatures is controlled primarily by Al solid-solution hardening and quenched-in excess vacancies with only minor effects of short-range ordering.
A second model, consisting of finite n-alkanes (48×C24H50) displays the same behaviour at low temperatures, but at high temperature and pressure forms a conformationally disordered rotator phase, characterised by a large proportion of gauche defects and a significant lattice expansion.
In the terminology of Rate and State Friction (RSF; Dieterich 1978, 1979; Ruina 1983), both gouges showed stable, 'velocity-strengthening' (or near-neutral) behaviour at low temperatures (Regime 1), potentially unstable, 'velocity-weakening' at intermediate temperatures (Regime 2) and velocity-strengthening at the highest temperatures investigated (Regime 3; Den Hartog et al. 2012a, 2013).
Ice nucleators may allow the controlled initiation of freezing, antifreeze proteins prevent unfavourable growth and redistribution of ice as a result of recrystallisation [5], and phospholipid remodelling affects membrane phase and behaviour at low temperatures [6 ]
The comparison shows that linear regression is in principle not inferior to non-linear regression; however, the latter is robust and not susceptible to deviation from Arrhenius behaviour at low temperatures.
The hepta-decametallic cage [MnIII9DyIII8O8(OH)8(tea)2(teaH)2(teaH2)4(O2CCH3)4(NO3)2(H2O)4](NO3 7·8H2O (43) [68], which shows signs of SMM behaviour at low temperatures is synthesised from MnII NO3 2·4H2O, DyIII NO3 3· nH2O, sodium acetate, triethylamine and teaH3, which were stirred in methanol:acetonitrile with crystals obtained from the ether layered solution.
The hydrogels have thermally sensitive behaviour, swelling at low temperature and contracting at high temperature.
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