We used a dispersal challenge experiment, whereby we released individuals of six bird species in a cattle pasture at different distances from forest edge (0, 50, 100 and 150 m), in a fragmented tropical landscape in Mexico to investigate the gap-crossing abilities and movement behavior of six species of tropical forest birds.
Kotler et al. (1991) studied the foraging behavior of two species of gerbils (Gerbillus allenbyi and Gerbillus pyramidium) when owls were present and absent in conjunction with varying microhabitat features and illumination levels.
Data on the reproductive behavior of eight species are referred from the literatures [ 20, 42, 61, 68, 99, 100, 105]; detailed information on the caring behavior in two additional species, E. lineata and Sastragala sp. was obtained from J. Horstman (pers. comm).. Including records from the literatures, we obtained data on reproductive behavior for 34 species (Additional file 3).
The absence of phylogenetic propinquity in this diet-shift behavior suggest that apterism, a common condition of three species with this acorn diet-shift, could be the facilitation mechanism behind the evolutionary emergence of alternative diet-shift behavior in these dung beetles.
With the aim of monitor the hygroscopic behavior of three softwood species in situations of changes in its moisture content, an experimental program based on dimensional measurements, hygrometer readings and weightings procedure, was carried out.
We found that Bd exposure changed anti-predator behaviors in the tadpoles of one species, A. boreas, but not in the other three species we examined (P.regilla, R. aurora, and R. cascadae).
Our results indicate that habitat use and behavior of these two species of bears in Thung Yai were strongly influenced by availability of food, as shown for other species of bears [42].
However, the discussion of the dynamical behavior of two interacting species in the presence of nonlocal term effects is more difficult than those models without nonlocal term effects.
Using 2D terraria, we studied the behavior of two earthworm species (the endogeic Allolobophora icterica and the anecic Aporrectodea nocturna) exposed to sublethal concentrations (0.5 and 1 mg kg−1 of dry soil) of imidacloprid, a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide.
