The CBCL contains eight subscales: depression/anxiety, thought/obsessive, somatic complaint, social withdrawal, hyperactivity, aggressive behavior, delinquency, internalizing behavior, and externalizing behavior.
In adults with ADHD, these symptoms are often exhibited in the form of aggressive traffic behavior, delinquency, and as substance and alcohol abuse [ 64- 66].
Both the protective main effect and the gene-lifecourse interaction effect are replicated across a spectrum of most common risky behaviors: delinquency, variety of sexual partners, binge drinking, drinking quantity, smoking quantity, smoking frequency, marijuana use, cocaine use, other illegal drug use, and seatbelt non-wearing.
The risk factors for conduct disorder are numerous and are the same for high levels of physical aggression, antisocial behavior and delinquency.
This article describes a prevention approach designed to produce system improvement by training school-based teams to gather and respond to data to prevent antisocial behavior and delinquency.
In this study, only the externalizing problem behavior scales (delinquency, aggression) and the internalizing problem scale were utilized, and German norms [ 46] were used to calculate T values.
In general adolescent populations, high self-esteem has been found to be related to fewer internalizing problems, such as depressive symptoms (Dumont and Provost 1999), and fewer externalizing problems, such as aggression, antisocial behavior, and delinquency (Donnellan et al. 2005).
Jessor et al. postulated a "syndrome of problem behavior" constituting delinquency, substance abuse, precocious sexual activity, and lack of social skills that were associated with suicidal expressions among young people [ 15].
In line with previous literature that considers early sex and multiple sexual partnerships as problem behaviors [ 32], well as literature showing a strong association between sexual behavior and delinquency [ 30], we also included two items assessing whether the participant had engaged in sexual intercourse by age 15 and whether the participant had ever had multiple sexual partners.
Father involvement during a child's development has a positive impact on their emotional stability, development, and mental health, and problem behaviors, like delinquency and substance abuse.
Race effects have been reported in some studies of problem behaviors or delinquency in mixed samples of boys and girls [ 50, 80], but not in others [ 52].
