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Despite the fact that we did not use controlled laboratory experiments, our findings seem to be more consistent with the idea that great tits probably memorise their songs (sensitive period) early in life, before the first breeding year and that they do not add songs as adults.
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The first breeding season was more or less a trial run.
The first wolf returned in 1980, though the first breeding entirely on Norwegian soil did not take place until 1997.
For the second breeding season, two-thirds of the zebra finch pairs from the first breeding season were broken up and these individuals were placed into an aviary where they again chose a new partner.
First-breeding-generation families showed lower values of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and transpiration than families from the second breeding generation.
Both decreased breeding success and total breeding failure were much more important in the second breeding year than in the first one.
Individuals that died before their first breeding season (did not recruit) or that emigrated to an island not among the six main study islands have no data.
A similar conclusion was reached by Clutton-Brock [ 1] in a meta-analysis of data collected from several polygynous mammal species, in which he showed that females usually transfer to other groups before first breeding when there is a chance that the resident males at the time of first conception are their father or other close relatives.
Breeding methods for these species have remained largely unchanged since the first empirical breeding programs were initiated.
First, breeding individuals contribute disproportionately to sustaining the population compared to non-breeding individuals [6], [12].
In their first breeding season, 35% of mated males failed to achieve breeding success; in the second, 36%; in the third, also 36%; and in the fourth, 27%.
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CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com