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In addition, a recent study on the evolution of the cytoplasmic domains of the growth hormone receptor gene in Artiodactyla (see [ 61]) has suggested that possible effects of selective sweeps on growth hormone receptor gene in bovine occurred before domestication and not among the domestic breeds.
All these values are far greater than the domestication time, showing that most of goat genetic diversity existed before domestication, and that several haplogroups were domesticated in one or several events.
The lack of variation in pigs could be the result of a strong selective sweep that has happened before domestication and has been maintained in domestic pigs.
Based on molecular clock data, this divergence occurred long before domestication of rice and corresponds to germplasm that today is indica and japonica.
In addition, more than 70% of today's horse lineages already existed before domestication, suggesting that a large number of wild founder mothers were used to build up the modern horse population.
The split between Przewalskii's horse and E. ferus caballus is estimated to have occurred 120,000– 240,000 years ago, long before domestication.
Similar(29)
They suggest that japonica and indica each evolved from O. rufipogon long before rice domestication began and then were independently domesticated in different regions.
It occurred 12,000 years before the domestication of grains and seems to have been a prelude to seed storage and eventually agriculture.
Prehistoric seeds have been found in archaeological digs, suggesting that the plant was used medicinally before the domestication of its edible root.
Thus, it appears that dingoes were introduced to Australia before true domestication of dogs was achieved, allowing establishment of wild populations.
Long before their domestication, horses were hunted by primitive tribes for their flesh, and horsemeat is still consumed by people in parts of Europe and in Iceland and is the basis of many pet foods.
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